Cement-gravel crusher and separator.



Patented Mar. ll, I902.

B. H. OHM. CEMENT GRAVEL OBUSHEB AND SEPABATOB.

(Application filed Nov. 29, 1901.

(No Model.)

llnrrnn STnTns PATENT @rrrcn.

CHARLES H. OHM, OF SHELLVILLE, CALIFORNIA.

CEMENT-GRAVEL CRUSHER AND SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 695,076, dated March 1 1, 1902. Application filed November 29,1901. Serial No. 84,005- No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, CHARLES H. OHM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Shellville, county of Sonoma, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Cement- Gravel Crushers and Separators; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same. 7

My invention relates to an apparatus which is especially designed for pnlverizing goldbearing cement which is found adhering to gravel and cobble-stones and separating it from such stones without crushing the stones themselves.

It consists of an inclined trough or mortarbed having preferably a segmental cross-section and a series of stamps with mechanismby which they are alternately raised and dropped in the line of said bed and means by which they are prevented from actually striking the bottom. The lower ends of the stamps are so formed as to facilitate the pulverizing and separation of, the cement. In conjunction with these is a feed-regulating device and separating-screens which carry off the gravel and Worthless material and a means for collecting the valuable cement below the screens.

The invention also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-= Figure l is a part longitudinal section and part front elevation of my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line on as, Fig. 1, of the trough. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of a stamp. Fig. l is a plan of the screen.

Precious metals, such as gold, are often found associated with sand or fine material which has by some action become cemented and strongly adherent to boulders and gravel of various sizes. It has been customary to crush all of this material, and as the gravel has no value the subsequent separating and cleaning operations have been burdened with a large amount of worthless gangue. It is the object of my invention to crush and pulverize the cement and at the same time separate it from the gravel, so as to allow the latter to pass off, and tocollect the valuable pulverized cement and gold which may be associated with it.

Various modifications of my device may be made; but in order to make it in a sense antomatic I have shown the trough or mortar A mounted at anincline and having the cha nnel through the top made curvilinear or segmental in cross-section. In line above this trough, which practically forms the mortar, are mounted the stamps 2, the stems 3 of which are movable in suitable guides, as at at, and they are provided with tappets 5 of any suitable or well-known construction, and these are engaged by cams 6 upon the camshaft 7. Above the upper guide a head 8 is fixed to each stamp-stem, and the guide or an equivalent support at this point is so fixed as to receive this head,so that the stamps 2 will never strike the bottom of the mortar. In order to relieve the shock of the blow, a spiral or other elastic spring or cushion 9 is fixed so that the heads 8 will strike these cushions, and thus relieve the upper guide or support from the violence of the shock. The cams upon the cam-shaft are preferably single ones and so spaced around the shaft that they successively lift the stamps and allow them to drop. or the shoes thereto attached are preferably corrugated, channeled, or otherwise formed, as shown, so that in falling into the mass of gravel and similar material to which the an- The lower ends of the stamps riferous sand or earth is cemented the action will be something similar to-plunging the hand into a receptacle filled with grain, the

gravel Will be rubbed and moved within the trough or motor, and by reason of the curved form of the bottom the gravel will easily be pushed aside and the pieces moved over each other with a rubbing movement, which together with the shock of the blows falling continually into the mass finallyseparates the cement from the gravel. The incline of the mortar or trough is such that the material will gradually move down from the receiving to the discharge end, and by the time it has reached the discharge the cement will have been fully separated from the gravel and itself pulverized because of its less coherence, while the gravel, being sufficiently hard and not subjected to actual crushing blows, will pass out at the discharge end with the mass of fine pulverized material. At this point I form a screen consisting of parallel bars 10,

IOO

sufficiently near together to arrest the gravel which passes over the top of the screen, while the pulverized cement will fall through the spaces between the bars and into a suitable receptacle or sluice situated beneath the screen, as shown at 11. In this manner the worthless gravel and stones are separated from the gold-bearing cement, the latter is pulverized without breaking the stones, and the two are finally separated from each other.

The feed for this apparatus consists of a hopper or receiver, as at 12, and at the lower end it has a tubular extension, as 13, which extends a short distance in the line of the trough or mortar, and by its shape prevents the material overflowing the sides of the trough.

lat is a gate of any suitable description, which may be so adjusted as to regulate the feed and proportioned to the ability of the stamps to separate the cement from the stones.

The device is exceedingly efficient for the work for which it is designed and is practically automatic in its operation so long as material is fed to it.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'- 1. A cement-gravel crusher consisting of a trough or mortar, means for advancing the material through it, vertically rising and falling stamps located above the mortar, and stops by which the stamps are arrested and prevented from striking the bottom.

2. An apparatus for crushing and separating cement from gravel and stones, consisting of vertically-guided stamps mechanism by which they are raised and allowed to fall, a trough or mortar located beneath the line of stamps havinga curved transverse section, heads or stops carried by the stamp-stems and guides upon which they are arrested to prevent the stamps from striking the bottom of the mortar.

3. An apparatus for crushing and separating cement from gravel and stones consisting of an inclined trough or mortar having the bottom of the channel curved in transverse section, stamps fixed to stems movable in guidesabove the mortar, a cam-shaft and cams by which the stamps are successively raised and allowed to drop, heads carried by the stamp-stems, and bars or stops by which they are arrested to prevent the stamps from striking the bottom of the mortar.

4. An apparatus for crushing and separating cement from gravel and stones, consisting of an inclined round-bottomed trough, stamps having corrugated bottoms,verticallyguided stems to which the stamps are fixed, heads carried by the stamps and cushionstops upon which they are arrested before the stamps strike the bottom of the trough, and means by which the stamps are successively raised and allowed to drop.

5'. The combination with an inclined hollow round bottomed trough or mortar of stamps having corrugated bottoms, stems and mechanism by which they are raised and allowed to drop and stops by which they are arrested before striking the bottom of the trough whereby material is separated without crushing the gravel and a screen located beyond the lower end of the trough and inclined in unison therewith to separate the stones from the pulverized material.

6. The oombinationin an apparatus for pulverizing and separating cement from gravel and stones to which it is adherent, consisting of an inclined trough or mortar havinga transversely-curved bottom, a hopper, a feed-pipe discharging into the upper end of. the trough and a controlling-gate therefrom, stamps having corrugated bottoms, vertically guided stems to which the stamps are attached, and mechanism by which they are raised and allowed to fall, heads carried by the stampstems and cushioned stops upon which they fall before the stamps strike the bottom of the trough whereby the cement is separated and pulverized without breaking the stones and a screen inclined in the general direction of the trough through which pulverized material falls and over which the stones are discharged.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

CHAS. H. OHM. Witnesses:

A. L. KUsER, JOHN MoNEIL. 

